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These are the steps to perform adult CPR:
Difficulty: Easy
Time Required: CPR should start as soon as possible
Here’s How:
- Attempt to wake victim. If the victim is not breathing (or is just gasping for breath), call 911 immediately and go to step 2. If someone else is there to help, one of you call 911 while the other moves on to step 2.If the victim is breathing, see the Tips section at the bottom of this page for what to do.
- Begin chest compressions. If the victim is not breathing, place the heel of your hand in the middle of his chest. Put your other hand on top of the first with your fingers interlaced. Compress the chest at least 2 inches (4-5 cm). Allow the chest to completely recoil before the next compression. Compress the chest at a rate of at least 100 pushes per minute. Perform 30 compressions at this rate (should take you about 18 seconds).If you are not trained in CPR, continue to do chest compressions until help arrives or the victim wakes up.It’s normal to feel pops and snaps when you first begin chest compressions – DON’T STOP! You’re not going to make the victim worse.
- Begin rescue breathing. If you have been trained in CPR, after 30 compressions, open the victim’s airway using the head-tilt, chin-lift method. Pinch the victim’s nose and make a seal over the victim’s mouth with yours. Use a CPR mask if available. Give the victim a breath big enough to make the chest rise. Let the chest fall, then repeat the rescue breath once more. If the chest doesn’t rise on the first breath, reposition the head and try again. Whether it works on the second try or not, go to step 4.If you don’t feel comfortable with this step, just continue to do chest compressions at a rate of at least 100/minute.
- Repeat chest compressions. Do 30 more chest compressions just like you did the first time.
- Repeat rescue breaths. Give 2 more breaths just like you did in step 3 (unless you’re skipping the rescue breaths).
- Keep going. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for about two minutes (about 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths).
- If you have access to an automated external defibrillator (AED), continue to do CPR until you can attach it to the victim and turn it on. If you saw the victim collapse, put the AED on right away. If not, attach it after approximately one minute of CPR (chest compressions and rescue breaths).
- After 2 minutes of chest compressions and rescue breaths, stop compressions and recheck victim for breathing. If the victim is still not breathing, continue CPR starting with chest compressions.
- Repeat the process, checking for breathing every 2 minutes (5 cycles or so), until help arrives. If the victim wakes up, you can stop CPR.
Tips:
Chest compressions are extremely important. If you are not comfortable giving rescue breaths, still perform chest compressions! It’s called Hands Only CPR
- If the victim is breathing, briskly rub your knuckles against the victim’s sternum. If the victim does not wake, call 911If the victim wakes up, but is confused or not able to speak, call 911.
- This is not a substitute for actual CPR training. Find a CPR class and get proper training.Not every CPR class is the same. There are CPR classes for healthcare professionals as well as CPR classes for the layperson.
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Since February is Heart Month I thought it fitting to blog about Heart Attack
If you suspect a heart attack, do not make an appointment to see the doctor. A private physician will probably not have the tools necessary to treat a heart attack. Instead, call 911 immediately!
If you have chest pain, always go to the ER or call 911.
While waiting for the ambulance:
Sit down and rest. The more exercise or stress you put on the heart, the more damage the heart attack will do. . Sit and rest until the ambulance arrives.
Use emergency oxygen if available. If you are at work or in a public place emergency oxygen may be brought to you. Use it!
Have someone gather your medications. If there is someone with you, have them gather your medications or an updated list. It’s a good idea to have personal medical information available at all times for the ambulance crew.
Take your nitroglycerin. If you have a prescription for nitroglycerin, this is why you have it. Take it as directed by your physician. Usually, you put a tablet under your tongue and let it dissolve. Do not take another person’s nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin can make some people’s blood pressure drop dangerously low.
Remember: When in doubt, call ’em out!
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Whether you believe in end of the world theories or not, it’s a good idea to be prepared for natural or man-made disasters. When planning for your own or your families safety don’t forget about your pets.
Tips:
- Make one person in the family responsible for each pet (if you have multiple pets) to avoid confusion. Make note of this in your family emergency plan.
- Make a list of pet friendly hotels so you know where to take them in an event you need to evacuate
- Keep emergency supplies ready
- Keep an easily portable emergency supply kit bear the evacuation route exit
- Have a pet carrier ready
- Post a rescue alert sticker. Place it in a visible spot and inlcude the type of pet, your vet’s name and number. If you evacuate with your pet please make a note of that on the sticker
- Keep your pet’s ID current
- Update your pet’s vaccinations
- Do your best to evacuate with your pet. If left behind they can become trapped or they may escape and face dangerous situations.
A few hours of preparation NOW can prevent misery later.
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Bloody noses are uncomfortable and scary-looking, but usually not dangerous. Kids get nosebleeds more often than adults, typically either from irritating the nasal membrane (picking their noses) or from trauma (like a soccer ball in the face). When adults get nosebleeds, it could be an indicator of a more severe medical problem. Be sure to tell your doctor if you have gotten bloody noses, especially without physical trauma.
Stay Safe! Follow universal precautions and wear personal protective equipment if you have it. The victim’s bloody nose may be from trauma. Make sure you are not going to be hurt while helping the victim.
- Lean forward, not back. Don’t try to protect a favorite shirt by leaning back. The blood needs to go somewhere and will most likely go down the throat. If the victim leans back, blood could get in the windpipe causing a blocked airway, or go into the stomach. Blood may irritate the stomach lining and cause the victim to vomit.
- Pinch the victim’s nose just below the bony bridge. Your fingers should be on the soft tissue as well as the bone. If there is still blood flowing, adjust your grip. There should not be visible bleeding while you are holding the nose. Blood vessels that supply the nasal membrane can be pinched against the bony bridge (the hard part) to slow blood flow and create a clot. Hold the nose for at least 5 minutes. Do not let go to check bleeding until the 5 minutes is up.
- After 5 minutes, release the pressure to see if the bleeding has stopped. If not, repeat Step 3 for 10 minutes this time. Remember: don’t let go to check bleeding until the 10 minutes is up. Repeat for another 10 minutes if necessary.
If a nosebleed doesn’t stop after the second or third try, it’s time to see a doctor. If at any time, the victim feels lightheaded, dizzy, or weak, call 911. If left uncontrolled, bloody noses can lead to shock
Tips:
Placing ice or a chemical cold pack over the bridge of the nose can constrict the blood vessels and help stop bleeding. Use this in addition to pressure
After the bleeding is controlled, do not let the victim blow his or her nose. Blowing the nose will release the clots and encourage bleeding to start again.
Most bloody noses are the result of dry nasal membranes or trauma. However, some nosbleeds occur spontaneously and may indicate more serious medical problems. Contact a physician if the victim is suffering from frequent or hard-to-control bloody noses.
Bloody noses after trauma to the head may indicate a brain injury – especially if the bleeding occurs without obvious facial injury. If a victim of significant trauma – such as a vehicle accident or fall – is bleeding from the nose, call 911 immediately
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A first aid kit. Every home, office and car should have one.
What are the main items you should always have on hand:
- CPR Faceshield: Performing CPR is so uncommon, it can be easy to overlook this addition to the first aid kits. Mouth to Mouth rescue breathing may not be a particularly pleasant experience. Carrying a Microshield makes this task much more bearable and sanitary.
- Exam Gloves: Bloodborne diseases can be transmitted through very small cracks in the skin. We don’t tend to worry too much about the potential for bloodborne diseases when working on a spouse or child, but first aid kits aren’t always used on family members.
- Band-aids: These are the mainstays of the first aid kit. There are plenty of brands of adhesive bandages. Look for water-proof and latex-free.
- Hand Cleaners: Hand-washing with warm water and soap is the best way to prevent the spread of infections (yes, even with gloves on). But as we all know, water and soap aren’t always available. Carry disinfectants in the first aid kit to always have them on hand.
- Tweezers: Whether it’s taking out splinters or ticks, tweezers are an absolute necessity in a home or travel first aid kit.
SOS Emergency Response Technologies has a full line of first aid kits to meet any need.
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In Canada 35,000 to 45,000 people die of sudden cardiac arrest each year. For every one minute delay in providing oxygen, the survival rate of a cardiac arrest victim decreases by 7 to 10%. Oxygen is essential life, and supplemental oxygen is the most frequently used option to treat acutely ill and injured people. Emergency oxygen is used when a person experiences sudden injury or illness, whether it be cardiopulmary emergencies (heart attack or stroke), respiratory illness or traumatic injury. The conservative and risk-preventive approach is to follow standard of care – give oxygen. In an emergency situation, oxygen is given to patients immeadiately, even if there is no formal perscription or drug order. However, be sure to make written record of who received the oxygen, at what litre flow per minute and for how long. At SOS Emergency Response Technologies one of our goals is to increase awareness on the importance of using emergency oxygen in a an emergency situation.
